Law and Government Legislation regarding 'Aged' in Federal Government

Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to exempt certain rural hospitals from the 12% cap on disproportionate share hospital (DSH) adjustment percentages.

Fair Share Act of 2008 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code and title II (Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Benefits) of the Social Security Act to treat certain foreign subsidiaries of U.S. companies performing services under a contract with the U.S. government as U.S. employers for purposes of Social Security and Medicare employment taxes.

Fair Share Act of 2008 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code and title II (Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Benefits) of the Social Security Act to treat certain foreign subsidiaries of U.S. companies performing services under a contract with the U.S. government as U.S. employers for purposes of Social Security and Medicare employment taxes.

Medicare Sole Community Hospital Preservation Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act with respect to the prospective payment system (PPS) for hospital outpatient department (OPD) services, particularly the transitional adjustment for sole community hospitals to limit any decline in payment. Holds sole community hospitals permanently harmless from any decline in payment. Increases the payment for covered OPD services in a sole community hospital by the amount of any difference between the pre-Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (pre-BBA) amount and a lesser PPS amount.

Specifies the rebasing of the payment-to-cost ratio for sole community hospitals for cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2007.

Medicare Hearing Health Care Enhancement Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide for direct access to qualified audiologists for Medicare beneficiaries, without regard to any requirement that the beneficiary be under the care of (or referred by) a physician or other health care practitioner, or that such services are provided under the supervision of a physician or other health care practitioner.

Covers audiology services under Medicare part B (Supplementary Medical Insurance).

Medicare Recovery Audit Contractor Program Moratorium Act of 2007 - Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to effect a one-year moratorium on the Medicare recovery audit contractor program, under which the Secretary contracts with recovery audit contractors to identify underpayments and overpayments, and recoup overpayments, with respect to all services for which payment is made under part A or B of title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act.

Requires: (1) the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to evaluate the program for Congress; and (2) the Comptroller General to report to Congress on the use of recovery audit contractors in the Medicare Integrity program.

Food and Energy Security Act of 2007 - Revises agricultural and related programs and provisions respecting: (1) producer income; (2) conservation; (3) trade; (4) nutrition; (5) credit; (6) rural development and investment; (7) research and related matters; (8) forestry; (9) energy; (10) livestock marketing; and (11) agricultural security.

Honors the sacrifice of those born in the "notch" years of 1917 through 1926.

Recognizes the differences in Social Security benefits calculated for those born in 1917 and the years following, as compared with those born between 1911 and 1916.

Expresses regret that there has been no resolution to the satisfaction of millions of seniors born from 1917 through 1926.

Calls for corrective legislation similar to bills introduced in the Senate in the 105th through 108th Congresses to address the "notch" benefit disparity.

Child Care Family Tax Relief Act of 2007 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) increase the rate of the tax credit for expenses for household and dependent care services; and (2) allow an inflation adjustment after 2007 to the adjusted gross income limitation applicable to such credit. Makes such increased tax credit permanent.

Americans Giving care to Elders (AGE) Act of 2007 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow caregivers a tax credit for up to $6,000 of the eldercare expenses incurred for their parents (or ancestors of such parents).

Amends the Older Americans Act of 1965 to: (1) increase funding for the National Family Caregiver Support Program through FY2011; and (2) establish a National Resource Center on Family Caregiving to provide information on and support for family caregiver support programs.

Enhanced Opportunities for Formerly Homeless Veterans Residing in Permanent Housing Act of 2007 - Authorizes the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to conduct pilot programs of grants to: (1) coordinate the provision of supportive services available in the local community to very low income, formerly homeless veterans residing in permanent housing; (2) provide outreach to inform low-income and elderly veterans and their spouses who reside in rural areas of benefits for which they may be eligible; and (3) establish new, or expand or modify existing, programs or activities to furnish transportation, childcare, and clothing assistance to certain individuals with service-related disabilities who are entitled to a rehabilitation program.

Ambulatory Surgical Center Medicare Payment Modernization Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to revise the requirements and the formula for payments for services, including an implantable medical device, furnished to individuals in ambulatory surgical centers.

Medicare Prescription Drug Savings and Choice Act of 2007 - Amends part D (Voluntary Prescription Drug Benefit Program) of title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide for: (1) establishment of one or more Medicare operated prescription drug plan options; (2) an appeals process for denials of benefits under a Medicare operated prescription drug plan; and (3) pharmacy payments under such a plan.

Medicare Prescription Drug Savings and Choice Act of 2007 - Amends part D (Voluntary Prescription Drug Benefit Program) of title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide for: (1) establishment of one or more Medicare operated prescription drug plan options; (2) an appeals process for denials of benefits under a Medicare operated prescription drug plan; and (3) pharmacy payments under such a plan.

Transparency in Medical Device Pricing Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to require manufacturers of implantable medical devices to report annually to the Secretary of Health and Human Services on sales prices and related data about such devices.

Disapproves a specified rule submitted by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to Medicare coverage for the use of erythropoiesis stimulating agents in cancer and related neoplastic conditions.

Declares that such rule shall have no force or effect.

Middle Class Tax Relief Act of 2007 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to make permanent the tax deductions for: (1) state and local general sales taxes; (2) mortgage insurance premiums; and (3) qualified tuition and related expenses. Makes permanent provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 that increased dollar limitations on the tax credit for household and dependent care expenses.

Medicare Mental Health Prescription Drug Access Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to cover barbiturates and benzodiazepines as Medicare part D drugs, beginning in 2008.

Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to permit Medicare beneficiaries to continue to rent certain items of complex durable medical equipment.

Long Term Care Quality Improvement Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to require skilled nursing facilities to separately report expenditures for wages and benefits for nursing staff (by staff level, breaking out (at a minimum) registered nurses, licensed professional nurses, and certified nurse assistants).

Family Tax Relief Act of 2007 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) the increase the alternative minimum tax (AMT) exemption amounts and adjust such amounts for inflation after 2008; and (2) make permanent the allowance of the dependent care tax credit, the child tax credit, and the adoption tax credit against the AMT.

Social Security and Medicare Solvency Commission Act - Establishes the National Commission on Entitlement Solvency to review and report to the President and Congress on the Social Security and Medicare programs with respect to: (1) their current and long-term actuarial financial condition; (2) problems that may threaten their long-term solvency, and potential solutions; and (3) recommendations and proposed legislative language that will ensure their long-term solvency and the provision of appropriate benefits.

Provides for expedited congressional consideration of Commission recommendations.

Caregiver Assistance and Relief Effort Act of 2007 or the CARE Act of 2007 - Amends the Older Americans Act of 1965 to increase and extend, through FY2011, the authorization of appropriations for the national family caregiver support program, including caregiver support programs for Native Americans.

Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) allow caregivers a tax credit for family members with long-term care needs; (2) allow a tax deduction for long-term care insurance premiums; and (3) apply certain consumer protection provisions to long-term care insurance contracts.

Medicare Preventive Services Coverage Act of 2007 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to: (1) extend from six months to one year the eligibility period for the "Welcome to Medicare" physical examination; and (2) cover and waive cost-sharing for specified additional preventive screening services.

Disapproves a specified rule submitted by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to Medicare coverage for the use of erythropoiesis stimulating agents in cancer and related neoplastic conditions.

Declares that such rule shall have no force or effect.